Geography

Land, borders, regions, climate.

Major Cities

Jerusalem, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Haifa, and Be'er Sheva — history, population, function.

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Regions

The Galilee, the Negev, the Coastal Plain, the West Bank, and the Gaza Strip.

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Borders

Internationally recognised borders, armistice lines, and contested boundaries.

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Israel's borders: recognised lines, armistice lines, and contested boundaries

Israel has internationally recognised borders with Egypt (since the 1979 peace treaty) and Jordan (since the 1994 Wadi Araba treaty). Its northern borders with Syria and Lebanon are based on 1949 armistice lines that were never converted into peace treaties. The West Bank and Gaza Strip are not internationally recognised as part of Israel — their final status is subject to unresolved negotiations.

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West Bank & Gaza

Status, administration, population, and key legal questions.

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