The First and Second Intifadas
The First Intifada was a Palestinian uprising against Israeli military rule in the West Bank and Gaza Strip. It began on 9 December 1987 and is usually counted as ending with the Israel-PLO Declaration of Principles, signed on 13 September 1993. Its main methods were strikes, boycotts, tax refusal and stone-throwing. The Israeli rights group B'Tselem counts 1,087 Palestinians killed by Israeli security forces and 160 Israelis killed by Palestinians in that period. The Second Intifada began on 28 and 29 September 2000, two months after the Camp David summit failed. It was an armed conflict marked by suicide bombings and Israeli military operations. B'Tselem counts 3,793 Palestinians killed by Israeli security forces and 1,011 Israelis killed by Palestinians up to September 2006. The first uprising led to the Oslo process. The second ended it and was followed by the West Bank barrier and Israel's 2005 withdrawal from Gaza.
